<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bricslawjournal</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">BRICS Law Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Юридический журнал БРИКС</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-9058</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-2343</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House V.Ема</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21684/2412-2343-2020-7-2-118-147</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bricslawjournal-335</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ARTICLE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The Protection of Consumer Rights in the Digital Economy Conditions – the Experience of the BRICS Countries</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostanina</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Ostanina – Associate Professor, Department of Civil Law and Procedure</p><p>129 Br. Kashirini St., Chelyabinsk, 454001</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenaostanina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titova</surname><given-names>E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Titova – Director, Institute of Law</p><p>78 Lenina Av., Chelyabinsk, 454082</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">titovaev@susu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>Chelyabinsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-2"><institution>South Ural State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>118</fpage><lpage>147</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ostanina E., Titova E., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ostanina E., Titova E.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ostanina E., Titova E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bricslawjournal.com/jour/article/view/335">https://www.bricslawjournal.com/jour/article/view/335</self-uri><abstract><p>Online contracts are characterized by unequal economic opportunities. The consumer, traditionally, has fewer economic opportunities, the seller – more. Digitalization of consumer-seller relations did not solve the old problem of insufficient consumer protection, but rather exacerbated it. Now the consumer needs to be protected from unscrupulous actions of both the seller and the aggregator of the information on goods, works, and services, i.e. the owner of the site on which the consumer buys the good, orders the work or the service. Acontract concluded on a site is a special type of adhesion contract. If a site sells goods from different sellers (which often happens), the terms and conditions of the adhesion contract are determined not only by the seller, but also by the site owner. Thus, the economically weak party – the consumer, needs to be protected both against the seller’s abuse, and against the site owner’s abuse. The article compares the experience of regulating the relations between the consumer, the seller (contractor) and the information aggregator accumulated by the EU countries, on the one hand, and BRICS countries, on the other. It is concluded that the development of regulation in all the BRICS countries is currently moving towards providing the consumer with the widest information opportunities. It is necessary to support the idea of holding the e-commerce aggregator responsible for any failure to fulfill its obligations to the consumer. The responsibility is considered acceptable when the aggregator has not informed the consumer that it does not provide goods, work, services, or in cases of the aggregator’s gross negligence in identifying the user when registering a potential seller on the site. A separate problem is the public legal status of the online platform aggregator, since when an onsite contract is concluded, the consumer should not receive less secure goods than when a contract is concluded through an exchange of documents in the ordinary “paper” form.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>BRICS</kwd><kwd>digital law</kwd><kwd>digitalization of law</kwd><kwd>digital economy</kwd><kwd>online trading</kwd><kwd>protection of consumer rights</kwd><kwd>civil law</kwd><kwd>comparative law</kwd><kwd>law digital environments</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ashiya B. India’s Consumer Protection Bill 2015: Redefining Notions of Liability, 38(2) Statute Law Review 258 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1093/slr/hmw022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ashiya B. India’s Consumer Protection Bill 2015: Redefining Notions of Liability, 38(2) Statute Law Review 258 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1093/slr/hmw022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Binding J. &amp; Purnhagen K. Regulations on E-Commerce Consumer Protection Rules in China and Europe Compared – Same Same but Different?, 2 Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law 186 (2011).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Binding J. &amp; Purnhagen K. Regulations on E-Commerce Consumer Protection Rules in China and Europe Compared – Same Same but Different?, 2 Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and E-Commerce Law 186 (2011).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burke R.R. Technology and the Customer Interface: What Consumers Want in the Physical and Virtual Store, 30(4) Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 411 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1177/009207002236914</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burke R.R. Technology and the Customer Interface: What Consumers Want in the Physical and Virtual Store, 30(4) Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 411 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1177/009207002236914</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chopdar P.Kr. &amp; Sivakumar V.J. Understanding Continuance Usage of Mobile Shopping Applications in India: The Role of Espoused Cultural Values and Perceived Risk, 38(1) Behaviour and Information Technology 42 (2019).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chopdar P.Kr. &amp; Sivakumar V.J. Understanding Continuance Usage of Mobile Shopping Applications in India: The Role of Espoused Cultural Values and Perceived Risk, 38(1) Behaviour and Information Technology 42 (2019).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cohen J.E. Law for the Platform Economy, 51(1) UC Davis Law Review 133 (2017).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cohen J.E. Law for the Platform Economy, 51(1) UC Davis Law Review 133 (2017).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eferin Ya. et al. Digital Platforms in Russia: Competition Between National and Foreign Multi-Sided Platforms Stimulates Growth and Innovation, 21(2) Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance 129 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-11-2018-0065</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eferin Ya. et al. Digital Platforms in Russia: Competition Between National and Foreign Multi-Sided Platforms Stimulates Growth and Innovation, 21(2) Digital Policy, Regulation and Governance 129 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1108/dprg-11-2018-0065</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gao H. Digital or Trade? The Contrasting Approaches of China and US to Digital Trade, 21(2) Journal of International Economic Law 297 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgy015</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gao H. Digital or Trade? The Contrasting Approaches of China and US to Digital Trade, 21(2) Journal of International Economic Law 297 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgy015</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huang J. Comparison of E-Commerce Regulations in Chinese and American FTAs: Converging Approaches, Diverging Contents, and Polycentric Directions?, 64(2) Netherlands International Law Review 309 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-017-0094-1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huang J. Comparison of E-Commerce Regulations in Chinese and American FTAs: Converging Approaches, Diverging Contents, and Polycentric Directions?, 64(2) Netherlands International Law Review 309 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40802-017-0094-1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maultzsch F. Contractual Liability of Online Platform Operators: European Proposals and Established Principles, 14(3) European Review of Contract Law 209 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1515/ercl-2018-1013</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maultzsch F. Contractual Liability of Online Platform Operators: European Proposals and Established Principles, 14(3) European Review of Contract Law 209 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1515/ercl-2018-1013</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mirow M.C. Latin American Law: AHistory of Private Law and Institutions in Spanish America (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2004).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mirow M.C. Latin American Law: AHistory of Private Law and Institutions in Spanish America (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2004).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Riefa C. Consumer Protection on Social Media Platforms: Tackling the Challenges of Social Commerce in EU Internet Law in the Digital Era: Regulation and Enforcement 321 (T. Synodinou et al. (eds.), Cham: Springer, 2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25579-4_15</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Riefa C. Consumer Protection on Social Media Platforms: Tackling the Challenges of Social Commerce in EU Internet Law in the Digital Era: Regulation and Enforcement 321 (T. Synodinou et al. (eds.), Cham: Springer, 2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25579-4_15</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Singh S. The State of E-Commerce Laws in India: AReview of Information Technology Act, 52(4) International Journal of Law and Management 265 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1108/17542431011059322</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Singh S. The State of E-Commerce Laws in India: AReview of Information Technology Act, 52(4) International Journal of Law and Management 265 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1108/17542431011059322</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Upadhyay A. et al. Comparative Analysis of Online Visual Merchandising Practices Between Government and Private Indian Online Retailers, 7(6) Global Journal for Research Analysis 486 (2018).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Upadhyay A. et al. Comparative Analysis of Online Visual Merchandising Practices Between Government and Private Indian Online Retailers, 7(6) Global Journal for Research Analysis 486 (2018).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
